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布拉迪斯拉發(fā)州郵編時候是多少

布拉迪斯拉發(fā) 斯洛伐克

郵編范圍

BRATISLAVA 810 00 - 853 02

Bratislava 841 07 - 841 07

Bratislava 852 02 - 852 02

BRATISLAVA 852 32 - 852 32

Bratislava 852 45 - 852 45

是斯洛伐克西部的一個州，與匈牙利與奧地利接壤。面積2 053平方公里。首府布拉迪斯拉發(fā)。

布拉特斯拉發(fā)是哪國地方？

是布拉迪斯拉發(fā)，在斯洛伐克

布拉迪斯拉發(fā)（斯洛伐克語：Bratislava），是斯洛伐克共和國的首都和經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化中心，西斯洛伐克州的首府

bratislava是哪個國家

bratislava是【斯洛伐克】的。

Bratislava (/?br?t??slɑ?v?/ or /?brɑ?-/;[2][3] Slovak pronunciation: [?bracisla?a] , German: Pre?burg orPressburg {{IPA-de|?p??s?b???k|IPA} is the capital of Slovakia, and with a population of about 450,000, thecountry's largest city.

薩拉熱窩屬于哪個國家?

問題一：薩拉熱窩現(xiàn)在是哪個國家的 樓上不知從哪搞來的資料已經(jīng)過時了，簡單點(diǎn)：塞爾維亞的！

問題二：薩拉熱窩城市現(xiàn)屬哪個國家？ 現(xiàn)屬波斯尼亞-黑塞哥維那（原南斯拉夫加盟共和國之一），是該國首都。

問題三：薩拉熱窩是哪個國家 薩拉熱窩有什么景點(diǎn) 波斯尼亞-黑塞哥維那的首都和經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化中心。 二戰(zhàn)后薩拉熱窩曾是南斯拉夫社會主義聯(lián)邦共和國的波斯尼亞與黑塞哥維納社會主義共和國的首都，在中部薩瓦河支流博斯納河上游附近。群山環(huán)抱，風(fēng)景秀麗的古城。

格茲?胡色雷?貝格巴扎

格茲?胡色雷?貝格巴扎是1542年至1543年由格茲?胡色雷?貝格建設(shè)，帶有屋頂?shù)氖袌觥ＴO(shè)計者是拉古薩的匠人。長度達(dá)109米，超過50家店鋪林立于此。

格茲?胡色雷?貝格 *** 寺

格茲?胡色雷?貝格 *** 寺是格茲?胡色雷?貝格在1531年建設(shè)的 *** 寺，是美麗的奧斯曼建筑。 *** 寺的設(shè)計者是科查?米馬爾?希南、希南也是威瑟格萊德的 *** ?巴夏?索科羅維奇大橋和伊斯坦布爾的蘇萊曼尼耶 *** 寺設(shè)計者。

在波黑戰(zhàn)爭時期，作為波斯尼亞人象盞那逭嫠魯晌了被攻擊象，在薩拉熱窩圍城戰(zhàn)期間格茲?胡色雷?貝格 *** 寺受到了很大損害。戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束后的1996年開始了修復(fù)工作。然而，當(dāng)時的修復(fù)資金有很多都是來自沙特 *** ，修復(fù)時受到了瓦哈比派的影響。修復(fù)后的 *** 寺被消去了色彩和裝飾性要素，改為以白色為基調(diào)的建筑。2000年開始，為了讓 *** 寺回到戰(zhàn)爭前的樣子，開始了完全的修復(fù)工作。有時通稱為“貝格 *** 寺”（Begova d?amija）。

巴什察爾希亞

巴什察爾希亞是薩拉熱窩的舊市區(qū)的主大街，建于16世紀(jì)，效仿 *** 的市場建造的商業(yè)地區(qū)。巴什察爾希亞有金屬工藝品和陶瓷器、寶石的買賣。在巴什察爾希亞還有1551年魯斯特姆?帕夏（Rustem pasha）修建的帶有穹頂狀屋頂?shù)牟剪斔_巴扎。這里有從土耳其的布爾薩帶來的絲織品銷售。另外，建于1891年，薩拉熱窩代表性地標(biāo)的塞比利（Sebilj）是一個具有獨(dú)特形狀的噴泉，位于巴什察爾希亞的中央。這個名字是來自于 *** 語中的“道路”一詞“Sebil”。

阿里帕夏 *** 寺

阿里帕夏 *** 寺是基于哈迪姆?阿里?帕夏（Hadim Ali-pasha）的遺囑，用阿里的遺產(chǎn)在1560年至1561年期間建造的 *** 寺。阿里希望使用自己的遺產(chǎn)，在自己的墓旁修建 *** 寺。 *** 寺在波黑戰(zhàn)爭期間嚴(yán)重受損，戰(zhàn)后進(jìn)行了斷續(xù)的修復(fù)工作。

拉丁橋

拉丁橋的舊稱是普林西普橋。這座橋是奧匈帝國的帝位繼承者弗朗茨?斐迪南大公夫妻被加夫里洛?普林西普殺害的薩拉熱窩事件的現(xiàn)場。橋梁過去是木造橋，在洪水中被破玻1798年重建。1914年，在這座橋的北側(cè)，大公夫妻被暗殺，成為第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的導(dǎo)火索。為紀(jì)念南斯拉夫愛國主義，橋梁曾改名為普林西普橋，南斯拉夫解體之后其名稱恢復(fù)為拉丁橋。

塞爾維亞正教會的大教堂

薩拉熱窩的塞爾維亞正教會的大教堂的正式名稱是“圣母誕生大教堂”，是紀(jì)念圣母瑪利亞的誕生的大教堂。建造于1863年至1868年期間。教堂有三個巴西利卡和帶有十字架的5個穹頂。

天主教會的大教堂

薩拉熱窩的天主教會的大教堂的正式名稱是“耶穌圣心座堂”，是波黑最大的天主教的大教堂，為紀(jì)念耶穌基督的圣心而建造。建造于1884年至1889年期間，是哥德式的建筑。入口處上方窗戶的設(shè)計繪有薩拉熱窩州的州旗和風(fēng)景，另外羅馬式美術(shù)風(fēng)格的2個塔上繪有薩拉熱窩的市旗和市徽。

伊納特庫徹

在奧匈帝國統(tǒng)治波黑的1914年，帝國曾在薩拉熱窩的舊市區(qū)尋找建設(shè)市 *** 和圖書館的土地。計劃建設(shè)地已有兩個土耳其浴場和一戶民家，雖然曾要求所有者賣出這塊土地，卻被所有者一直拒絕。帝國當(dāng)局甚至威脅土地的所有者，終于使得這位所有者離開了這塊土地。為了表達(dá)對當(dāng)局的遺恨，他將自己的家解體并一片一片的移動，在米里雅茨河對岸重建了自己的家。這做建筑目前是一座名為“伊納特庫徹”（......

問題四：一戰(zhàn)前薩拉熱窩是哪個國家的首都? 一戰(zhàn)以前是塞爾維亞的首都?，F(xiàn)在的薩拉熱窩已經(jīng)不再塞爾維亞的領(lǐng)土之內(nèi)了，而是波斯尼亞-黑塞哥維那的首都和經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化中心。

問題五：瓦爾特保衛(wèi)薩拉熱窩是哪個國家的 現(xiàn)在這個國家已經(jīng)沒有了，是以前的南斯拉夫。

問題六：現(xiàn)在的薩拉熱窩是一個國家嗎 不是的 薩拉熱窩是一個城市不是國家

問題七：波黑屬于哪個國家 你好，波黑是一個國家，全稱：波斯尼亞和黑塞哥維那（Bosnia Hercegovina），簡稱波黑，是歐洲南部巴爾干半島西部的多山國家，首都薩拉熱窩。波黑為組成原南斯拉夫的六個聯(lián)邦單位之一，于1990年代，南斯拉夫戰(zhàn)爭時期獨(dú)立，并且根據(jù)《岱頓協(xié)定》，它目前是國際社會的受保護(hù)地區(qū)，由歐洲議會所選出的高級代表所管理。該國在行政及管理上被分成三個實(shí)體，其一為波黑聯(lián)邦，另一為塞族共和國，再次為布爾奇科特區(qū)。1995年4月3日中國和波黑建立大使級外交關(guān)系。

問題八：前蘇聯(lián)和英國的正規(guī)全稱是什么標(biāo)示？歷史上的南斯拉夫國家和薩拉熱窩城市現(xiàn)今還存在嗎？ 蘇維埃布爾什維克共產(chǎn)主義聯(lián)邦國家，大布瑞騰英格蘭，所有歷史城市都存在

問題九：哪些國家屬于歐洲 44個國家

國名 首都

Albanien 阿爾巴尼亞 Tirana 地拉那

Andorra 安道爾 Andorra la Vella 安道爾

Belgien 比利時 Brüssel 布魯塞爾

Bosnien und Herzegowina 波（斯尼亞和）黑（塞哥維那） Sarajevo 薩拉熱窩

BR Deutschland 聯(lián)邦德國 Berlin 柏林

Bulgarien 保加利亞 Sofia 索非亞

D?nemark 丹麥 Kopenhagen 哥本哈根

Estland 愛沙尼亞 Tallinn 塔林

Finnland 芬蘭 Helsinki 赫爾辛基

Frankreich 法國 Paris 巴黎

Griechenland 希臘 Athen 雅典

Gro?britannien 英國 London 倫敦

Irland 愛爾蘭 Dublin 都柏林

Island 冰島 Reykjavik 雷克雅未克

Italien 意大利 Rom 羅馬

Serbien und Montenegro 塞爾維亞和黑山 Belgrad 貝爾格萊德

Kroatien 克羅地亞 Zagreb 薩格勒布

Lettland 拉脫維亞 Riga 里加

Liechtenstein 列支敦士登 Vaduz 瓦杜茲

Litauen 立陶宛 Vilnius 維爾紐斯

Luxemburg 盧森堡 Luxemburg 盧森堡

Makedonien 馬其頓

Malta 馬耳他 Valetta 瓦萊塔

Monaco 摩納哥 Monaco 摩納哥

Niederlande 荷蘭 Amsterdam 阿姆斯特丹

Norwegen 挪威 Oslo 奧斯陸

?sterreich 奧地利 Wien 維也納

Polen 波蘭 Waschau 華沙

Portugal 葡萄牙 Lissabon 里斯本

Rum?nien 羅馬尼亞 Bukarest 布加勒斯特

San Marino 圣馬力諾 San Marino 圣馬力諾

Schweden 瑞典 Stockholm 斯德哥爾摩

Schweiz die 瑞士 Bern 伯爾尼

Slowakei die 斯洛伐克 Bratislava 布拉迪斯拉發(fā)

Slowenien 斯洛文尼亞 Ljubljana，Laibach 盧布爾雅那

Spanien 西班牙 Madrid 馬德里

Tschechien 捷克 Prag 布拉格

Ungarn 匈牙利 Budapest 布達(dá)佩斯

Vatikanstadt 梵蒂岡 Vatikanstadt 梵蒂岡城

門捷列夫的全英文簡介

Dmitri Mendeleev

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Dimitri Mendeleev (Russian: Дми?трий Ива?нович Менделе?ев, Dimitriy Ivanovich Mendeleyev listen (help·info)) (8 February [O.S. 27 January] 1834 in Tobolsk – 2 February [O.S. ] 1907 in Saint Petersburg), was a Russian chemist and inventor. He is credited as being the creator of the first version of the periodic table of elements. Unlike other contributors to the table, Mendeleev predicted the properties of elements yet to be discovered.

Life

Dmitri Mendeleev was born in Tobolsk, Siberia, Russia on February 8, 1834,[1] to Ivan Pavlovich Mendeleev and Maria Dmitrievna Mendeleeva (born Kornilieva). His grandfather was Pavel Maximovich Sokolov, a Russian priest. Ivan, along with his brothers, obtained new family names while attending Tver theological seminary.[2]

Mendeleev was the youngest child of 17 siblings.[1] At the age of 13,[citation needed] after the passing of his father and the destruction of his mother's factory by fire, Mendeleev attended the Gymnasium in Tobolsk.

In 1849, the now poor Mendeleev family relocated to St. Petersburg, where he entered the Main Pedagogical Institute in 1850. After he graduated, an illness that was diagnosed as tuberculosis caused him to move to the Crimean Peninsula on the northern coast of the Black Sea in 1855. While there he became chief science master of the Simferopol gymnasium №1. He returned with fully restored health to St. Petersburg in 1857.

Between 1859 and 1861, he worked on the capillarity of liquids and the workings of the spectroscope in Heidelberg. In late August of 1861 he wrote his first book on the spectroscope in which it received high acclaim. In 1862, he married Feozva Nikitichna Leshcheva. Mendeleev became Professor of Chemistry at the Saint Petersburg Technological Institute and the University of St. Petersburg in 1863 he achieved tenure in 1867, and by 1871 had transformed St. Petersburg into an internationally recognized center for chemistry research. In 1865 he became Doctor of Science for his dissertation "On the Combinations of Water with Alcohol". In 1876, he became obsessed with Anna Ivanova Popova and began courting her; in 1881 he proposed to her and threatened suicide if she refused. His divorce from Leshcheva was finalized one month after he had married Popova in early 1882. Even after the divorce, Mendeleev was technically a bigamist; the Russian Orthodox Church required at least 7 years before lawful re-marriage. His divorce and the surrounding controversy contributed to his failure to be admitted to the Russian Academy of Sciences (despite his international fame by that time). His daughter from his second marriage, Lyubov, became the wife of the famous Russian poet Alexander Blok. His other children were son Vladimir (a sailor, he took part in the notable Eastern journey of Nicholas II) and daughter Olga, from his first marriage to Feozva, and son Ivan and a pair of twins from Anna.

Though Mendeleev was widely honored by scientific organizations all over Europe, including the Copley Medal from the Royal Society of London, he resigned from St. Petersburg University on August 17, 1890.

In 1893, he was appointed Director of the Bureau of Weights and Measures. It was in this role that he was directed to formulate new state standards for the production of vodka. His fascination with molecular weights led him to conclude that to be in perfect molecular balance, vodka should be produced in the ratio of one molecule of ethyl alcohol diluted with five molecules of water, giving a dilution by volume of approximately 38% alcohol to 62% water. As a result of his work, in 1894 new standards for vodka were introduced into Russian law and all vodka had to be produced at 40% alcohol by volume.

Mendeleev also investigated the composition of oil fields, and helped to found the first oil refinery in Russia.

Mendeleev died in 1907 in St. Petersburg, Russia from influenza. The Mendeleev crater on the Moon, as well as element number 101, the radioactive mendelevium, are named after him.

Periodic table

One form of Mendeleev's periodic table, from the 1st English edition of his textbook (1891, based on the Russian 5th edition)

One form of Mendeleev's periodic table, from the 1st English edition of his textbook (1891, based on the Russian 5th edition)

Sculpture in honor of Mendeleev and the periodic table, located in Bratislava, Slovakia

Sculpture in honor of Mendeleev and the periodic table, located in Bratislava, Slovakia

After becoming a teacher, he wrote the definitive two-volume textbook at that time: Principles of Chemistry (1868-1870). As he attempted to classify the elements according to their chemical properties, he noticed patterns that led him to create his Periodic Table.

Unknown to Mendeleev, several other scientists had also been working on their own tables of elements. One was John Newlands, who published his Law of Octaves in 1865. However, the lack of spaces for undiscovered elements and the placing of two elements in one box were criticised and his ideas were not accepted. Another was Lothar Meyer, who published a work in 1864, describing 28 elements. Like Newlands, Meyer did not seem to have the idea of using a table to predict new elements. In contrast to Newlands' methodical approach to creating a table, Mendeleev's was almost accidental and emerged gradually.

As a better understanding of atomic mass was developed and better data became available, Mendeleev made for himself the following table:

Cl 35.5 K 39 Ca 40

Br 80 Rb 85 Sr 88

I 127 Cs 133 Ba 137

By adding additional elements following this pattern, he developed his version of the periodic table.

On March 6, 1869, Mendeleev made a formal presentation to the Russian Chemical Society, entitled The Dependence between the Properties of the Atomic Weights of the Elements, which described elements according to both weight and valence. This presentation stated that

1. The elements, if arranged according to their atomic mass, exhibit an apparent periodicity of properties.

2. Elements which are similar as regards to their chemical properties have atomic weights which are either of nearly the same value (e.g., Pt, Ir, Os) or which increase regularly (e.g., K, Rb, Cs).

3. The arrangement of the elements in groups of elements in the order of their atomic weights corresponds to their so-called valencies, as well as, to some extent, to their distinctive chemical properties; as is apparent among other series in that of Li, Be, B, C, N, O, and F.

4. The elements which are the most widely diffused have small atomic weights.

5. The magnitude of the atomic weight determines the character of the element, just as the magnitude of the molecule determines the character of a compound body.

6. We must expect the discovery of many yet unknown elements–for example, two elements, analogous to aluminium and silicon, whose atomic weights would be between 65 and 75.

7. The atomic weight of an element may sometimes be amended by a knowledge of those of its contiguous elements. Thus the atomic weight of tellurium must lie between 123 and 126, and cannot be 128. Here Mendeleev was wrong as the atomic mass of tellurium (127.6) remains higher than that of iodine (126.9).

8. Certain characteristic properties of elements can be foretold from their atomic weights.

Only a few months after Mendeleev published his periodic table of all known elements (and predicted several new elements to complete the table), Meyer published a virtually identical table. Some people consider Meyer and Mendeleev the co-creators of the periodic table, although most agree that Mendeleev's accurate prediction of the qualities of what he called ekasilicon (germanium), ekaaluminium (gallium) and ekaboron (scandium) qualifies him for deserving the majority of the credit for studies.

As others before him had done, he questioned the accuracy of accepted atomic weights, pointing out that they did not correspond to those predicted by the Periodic Law. He noted that tellurium has a higher atomic weight than iodine, but he placed them in the correct order, assuming that the accepted atomic weights at the time were incorrect. He was puzzled about where to put the known lanthanides, and predicted the existence of another row to the table, the actinides, which were some of the heaviest in atomic mass.

Initially, Mendeleev was derided for there being gaps in the table. Ultimately though, he was vindicated when previously unknown elements (notably scandium, gallium and germanium) were discovered that filled in these holes and possessed properties (atomic weight, density, melting point, etc.) close to what Mendeleev predicted.[3]

Henry Moseley would later help put the periodic table on the correct basis of atom number rather than atomic weight.

Other achievements

Mendeleev made other important contributions to chemistry. The Russian chemist and science historian L.A. Tchugayev has characterized him as "a chemist of genius, first-class physicist, a fruitful researcher in the fields of hydrodynamics, meteorology, geology, certain branches of chemical technology (explosives, petroleum, and fuels, for example) and other disciplines adjacent to chemistry and physics, a thorough expert of chemical industry and industry in general, and an original thinker in the field of economy." Mendeleev was one of the founders, in 1869, of the Russian Chemical Society. He worked on the theory and practice of protectionist trade and on agriculture.

In an attempt at a chemical conception of the Aether, he put forward a hypothesis that there existed two inert chemical elements of lesser atomic weight than hydrogen. Of these two proposed elements, he thought the lighter to be an all-penetrating, all-pervasive gas, and the slightly heavier one to be a proposed element, coronium.

Mendeleev devoted much study and made important contributions to the determination of the nature of such indefinite compounds as solutions.

Mendeleev Medal

Mendeleev Medal

In another department of physical chemistry, he investigated the expansion of liquids with heat, and devised a formula similar to Gay-Lussac's law of the uniformity of the expansion of gases, while as far back as 1861 he anticipated Thomas Andrews' conception of the critical temperature of gases by defining the absolute boiling-point of a substance as the temperature at which cohesion and heat of vaporization become equal to zero and the liquid changes to vapor, irrespective of the pressure and volume.

Mendeleev is given credit for the introduction of the metric system to the Russian Empire.

He invented pyrocollodion, a kind of smokeless powder based on nitrocellulose. This work had been commissioned by the Russian Navy, which however did not adopt its use. In 1892 Mendeleev organized its manufacture.

Mendeleev studied petroleum origin and concluded that hydrocarbons are abiogenic and form deep within the earth. He wrote: "The capital fact to note is that petroleum was born in the depths of the earth, and it is only there that we must seek its origin." (Dmitri Mendeleev, 1877)[4]